华为NE40E交换机​​调测IBGP路由

前提条件

• 硬件调测

• 链路调测

背景信息
图1 IBGP模型组网图 

操作步骤

1. 在设备上使用命令display bgp peer，查看IBGP对等体信息。

1. display bgp peerBGP local router ID : 1.1.1.1 Local AS number : 100 Total number of peers : 1 Peers in established state : 1 Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State PrefRcv2.2.2.24100274 7 14 03:07:01Established3

1. 在设备上使用命令display bgp routing-table，查看IBGP的路由信息。

• display bgp routing-tableBGP Local router ID is 1.1.1.1 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped, h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete ............................................................. Total Number of Routes: 1 Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn *> 2.2.2.2/32 0.0.0.0 1 0 ? *> 192.168.1.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 0 ? * i 2.2.2.2 0 0 i *> 192.168.1.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 ? *> 10.167.1.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 0 ? * i 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 i *> 1.1.1.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 ? *> 127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 0 ? *> 127.0.0.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 ?

• display bgp routing-table 10.167.1.0BGP local router ID : 1.1.1.1Local AS number : 100Paths: 1 available, 1 best, 1 select BGP routing table entry information of 10.167.1.0/24: Imported route.From: 2.2.2.2 (2.2.2.2)Route Duration: 00h14m33sDirect Out-interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/0 Original nexthop: 2.2.2.2Qos information : 0x0Community:no-exportAS-path Nil, origin igp, MED 0, localpref 100, pref-val 0, valid, internal, best, select, pre 255Not advertised to any peer yet

• display bgp routing-table communityBGP Local router ID is 1.1.1.1 Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped, h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete Total Number of Routes: 1 Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Community *>i 10.167.1.0 2.2.2.2 0 100 0 no-export

• display bgp routing-table 10.167.1.0BGP local router ID : 1.1.1.1Local AS number : 100Paths: 1 available, 1 best, 1 selectBGP routing table entry information of 10.167.1.0/24: From: 2.2.2.2 (2.2.2.2)Route Duration: 00h14m33s Direct Out-interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/0 Original nexthop: 2.2.2.2 Qos information : 0x0 Community:no-export AS-path Nil, origin igp, MED 0, localpref 100, pref-val 0, valid, internal, best, select, pre 255Originator: 4.4.4.4 Cluster list: 0.0.0.1Not advertised to any peer yet

1. 在设备上使用命令display bgp peer ipv4-address verbose，查看IBGP的GTSM和的GTSM和GR功能配置情况。

1. display bgp peer 2.2.2.2 verboseBGP Peer is 2.2.2.2, remote AS 100Type: IBGP linkBGP version 4,Remote router ID 2.2.2.2Update-group ID : 1BGP current state: Established,Up for 00h49m35s BGP current event: KATimerExpired BGP last state: OpenConfirm BGP Peer Up count: 1 Received total routes: 1 Received active routes total: 1 Advertised total routes: 2 Port: Local - 179 Remote - 52876 Configured: Active Hold Time: 180 sec Keepalive Time:60 sec Received : Active Hold Time: 180 sec Negotiated: Active Hold Time: 180 sec Keepalive Time:60 sec Peer optional capabilities: Peer supports bgp multi-protocol extension Peer supports bgp route refresh capability Peer supports bgp 4-byte-as capabilityGraceful Restart Capability: advertisedAddress family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received Received: Total 59 messages Update messages 0 Open messages 2 KeepAlive messages 57 Notification messages 0 Refresh messages 0 Sent: Total 79 messages Update messages 5 Open messages 2 KeepAlive messages 71 Notification messages 1 Refresh messages 0 Authentication type configured: None Last keepalive received: 2010-02-20 13:54:58 Minimum route advertisement interval is 30 seconds Optional capabilities: Route refresh capability has been enabled 4-byte-as capability has been enabled Connect-interface has been configuredGTSM has been enabled, valid-ttl-hops: 1Peer Preferred Value: 0 Routing policy configured: No routing policy is configured

1. 在设备上使用命令ping，测试IBGP路由的连通性。

1. ping 2.2.2.2PING 2.2.2.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=70 ms Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=65 ms Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=64 ms Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=90 ms Reply from 2.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=25 ms --- 2.2.2.2 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 25/63/90 ms

常见故障处理
 说明：

1. display acl allTotal nonempty ACL number is 1 Advanced ACL 3001, 2 rules Acl's step is 5 rule 5 denytcp source-port eq bgprule 10 denytcp destination-port eq bgp

1. display bgp peerBGP local router ID: 223.5.0.109 Local AS number : 41976 Total number of peers : 12 Peers in established state : 4 Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State PrefRcv 8.9.0.8 4 100 1601 1443 0 23:21:56 Established 10000 9.10.0.10 4 200 1565 1799 0 23:15:30 Established 9999

 说明：

1. display bgp peerBGP local router ID : 223.5.0.109Local AS number: 41976 Total number of peers : 12 Peers in established state : 4 Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State PrefRcv 8.9.0.8 4 100 1601 1443 0 23:21:56 Established 10000 9.10.0.10 4 200 1565 1799 0 23:15:30 Established 9999

 说明：
表1 BGP配置检查列表

检查项	说明
peer connect-interface interface-type interface-number	如果邻居两端使用Loopback口建立邻居，则需要使用命令peer connect-interface指定相应的Loopback口为发送BGP报文的源接口。
peer valid-ttl-hops hops	如果有该配置，请确认peer valid-ttl-hops hops是否正确：如果配置为hops，则被检测的报文的TTL值有效范围为[255–hops+1, 255]。其中hops是BGP会话两端之间的跳数值，直连设备之间的hops为1。 说明： 命令peer valid-ttl-hops的配置是对称的，即需要在BGP会话两端同时使能该命令。
peer route-limit limit	如果有该配置时，请确认对端发送的路由数量是否超过peer route-limit limit，其中limit表示限制的路由数量。如果是，则需要降低对端发送过来的路由数量，并在本端使用reset bgp ip-address命令复位相应的BGP连接来触发BGP重新建立连接。
peer ignore	如果对端配置了peer ignore，说明由于某种原因对端暂时不想和本端建立邻居。如果想建立邻居时，将对端的undo peer ignore配置去使能即可。
地址族能力	请检查BGP会话两端的地址族能力是否匹配。例如，建立BGP VPNv4邻居时，需要两端都要在BGP-VPNv4地址族下配置命令peer enable。如果一端已配置而另一端没有配置时，没有配置的一端BGP邻居状态为“No neg”。

• 上述步骤的执行结果。

• 设备的配置文件、日志信息、告警信息。